What is merengue?
Merengue is the national dance of the Dominican Republic and the easiest Latin partner dance to start: a marching step on every beat with relaxed hip motion and endless turning combinations in a close or open hold.
History
Merengue has roots in 19th-century Dominican music; Rafael Trujillo's regime promoted it as a national symbol in the mid-20th century. In 2016 UNESCO inscribed merengue on its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Basic technique
- Marching step on every beat with bent knees
- Hip motion from changing weight, not pushing hips
- Turns, pretzels and hand changes
Music & tempo
Fast 2/4 merengue at roughly 116–160 BPM — Juan Luis Guerra, Elvis Crespo, Los Hermanos Rosario.
Songs for merengue
| Song | Artist | BPM | Key | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enamórame | Papi Sánchez | 120 | G# major | 2003 |
| Historia verdadera | Havana D'Primera | 120 | G major | 2009 |
| Senhor Doutor (Adam Port edit) | Quim Manuel O Espirito Santo | 122 | A minor | 2017 |
| Our Song | Aventura | 125 | E major | 2005 |
| Linda eh | Grupo Manía | 125 | C minor | 1996 |
| Un beso | Aventura | 125 | F major | 2005 |
| Bailando mojao | Juan Formell y Los Van Van | 129 | B major | 1990 |
| Tu sonrisa | Elvis Crespo | 129 | C major | 1998 |
| La boda | Aventura | 130 | F major | 2005 |
| La niña | Aventura | 130 | F major | 2005 |
BPM as measured by audio analysis; some tracks read at half or double the danced tempo.
All 32 merengue songs by BPM →
What to wear
Any comfortable shoes that turn.
How to get started
Merengue is often taught in the first five minutes of a Latin night.
Key partner-dance terms
Recent research
- Creative experiences and brain clocks. — Nature communications, 2025
- Effectiveness of dance interventions for falls prevention in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. — Age and ageing, 2024
- Effect of Latin dance on physical and mental health: a systematic review. — BMC public health, 2023
- Caribbean and Latin dance: evidence about health in professional and non-professional dancers. — The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2025
- Impact of Latin Ballroom Dance Training on Gait Biomechanics, Anxiety, and Depression. — International journal of exercise science, 2024
Books about merengue
- La méringue by Jean Fouchard (1973)
- Merengue by Paul Austerlitz (1996)
- El merengue y la realidad existencial de los dominicanos by Luis Manuel Brito Ureña (1997)
- El furioso merengue del Norte by Francisco Rodríguez de León (1998)
- El hombre del acordeón by Marcio Veloz Maggiolo (2003)
- Merengue and Dominican Identity by Julie A. Sellers (2004)
Encyclopedia summary
Merengue (, Spanish: [meˈɾeŋɡe]) is a style of Dominican music and dance. Merengue is the national dance of the Dominican Republic and is also important to national identity in the country. It is a type of danced walk and is accessible to a large variety of people with or without dance experience. The music of merengue draws influence from European and Afro-Cuban styles and mainly uses instruments like guitars, drums, and a charrasca or metal scraper. The dance originated as a rural dance and later became a ballroom dance. Merengue has three distinct sections: the paseo, the merengue proper, and the closing jaleo which includes improvisation.
Partners hold each other in a closed position. The leader holds the follower's waist with their right hand and the follower's right hand with their left hand at the follower's eye level. Partners bend their knees slightly left and right, thus making the hips move left and right. The hips of the leader and follower move in the same direction throughout the song. The rhythm of these steps often accentuates either the right or left step. This pattern is often known as a ‘danced walk’. During this dance, a dancer will mostly put their weight on the same foot. Partners may walk sideways or circle each other, in small steps. They can switch to an open position and do separate turns without letting go of each other's hands or by releasing one hand. During these turns, they may twist their handhold into intricate pretzels. Other choreographies are also possible.
Although the tempo of the music may be frenetic, the upper body is kept steady and turns are slow, typically four beats/steps per complete turn.
In the social dancing of the United States the "empalizada" style is replaced by exaggerated Cuban motion, taught in chain ballroom studios for dances of Latin American origin (cha-cha-cha, rumba, mambo, salsa).
Frequently asked questions
Is merengue easy?
Yes — it is usually considered the easiest Latin partner dance.
What BPM is Merengue?
Merengue is usually danced to music between 116 and 160 beats per minute. Browse 32 songs that fit on our Merengue music page.
How many calories does merengue burn?
About 331 calories per hour for a 155-lb (70 kg) person, based on a MET value of 4.5 from the Compendium of Physical Activities. See calories burned merengue for every body weight.
Related styles
Bachata
Dominican Republic
Latin Social DanceSalsa
New York City — Cuban son and mambo, Puerto Rican musicians
Latin Social DanceCumbia
Caribbean coast of Colombia
Latin Social DanceKizomba
Angola
Latin Social DanceBrazilian Zouk
Brazil (evolved from lambada)
Last reviewed October 2026 · Editorial policy